To: Dr. Levin & EdPsy 387 Class
From: Andrea Depew
RE: Challenges to theTaxonomy
Date: 9/19/98

A challenge to the Bruce & Levin's Taxonomy is seen in the way that attempts teach an individual the technique for self breast examination. Attempts have been made to convey the information by providing data access as a hypertext environment of the web (which would be classified under the taxonomy category of Media for Inquiry) such as that found in the Celebrating Life Foundation Web Site,   However, the learning of this technique is not simply a cognitive exercise. Other methods of conveying this information have been developed and provide an interactive touch screen program with a model of a breast with simulated lumps for practice. The second method would be considered as Robotics (which would be classified under the taxonomy category of Media for Construction) But, performance of the procedure requires the individual to be willing to actually perform the procedure and realize the potential consequences of finding a negative result. This willingness and affective implications do not fit into any of the categories of the taxonomy as currently designed.

As the authors state in the section about a test of the taxonomy, there are projects that appear in more than one place in the taxonomy and may be complex in their design. One contemplates whether the pattern set by the authors listed below are a reflection of what we may expect to see in programs in the future and whether the taxonomy will endure.

The work of Soloway in the project titled: "Computation-Enhanced Science Learning (CESL): ScienceWorks as Technological Scaffolding for Model Creation "  is placed in the taxonomy as "Media for Inquiry" (under theory building as a model exploration and simulation toolkit and under Data access as a database and under data collection as a microcomputer-based laboratory and a real-time data access) as well as "Media for Communication" (under collaborative media as a group decision support system).
 
The work of Linn in a project titled: "The Internet as Knowledge Integration Partner: Improving Science Learning"   is placed in the taxonomy as "Media for Inquiry" (under theory building as Knowledge integration as well as under Data analysis as environments for inquiry) as well as Media for Communication (under Communication as distributed information servers)

The work of Nemirovsky in a project titled: "Students' Conceptions of the Mathematics of Change and Variation"     is placed in the taxonomy as Media for Inquiry (Data collection as microcomputer-based laboratories) and as Media for construction (Robotics)