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Glazounov, Alexander (Konstantinovich) (b. St. Petersburg, 1865; d. Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1936). Russian composer. Pupil of Rimsky-Korsakov 1880-I. Balakirev conducted his first symphony in 1882, the work being hailed as a precocious masterpiece. Glazounov later met Liszt at Weimar and was influenced by his and Wagner's music. Became director of St. Petersburg Conservatory 1905 after which his compositions became fewer. Left Russia 1928, visited USA 1929, then lived in Paris.

Glinka, Mikhail (Ivanovich) (b. Novospasskoye, Smolensk, 1804; d. Berlin, 1857). Russian composer, regarded as founder of national school and the first Russian composer to be accepted outside Russia. Interest in music aroused about 1815. In 1828 began serious study of composition with Zamboni. In Vienna studied composition with Siegfried Dehn. Returned to St. Petersburg to compose opera A Life for the Tsar, successfully produced 1836. Appointed Kapellmeister, Imperial Chapel 1837. His second opera Ruslan and Lyudmila was produced 1842. In 1844 visited Paris, meeting Berlioz, traveling on to Spain, where the folk-dance rhythms fascinated him. Returned to Russia 1847, but made several more foreign journeys.

Grieg, Edward (Hagerup) (b. Bergen, 1843; d. Bergen, 1907). Norwegien composer, conductor, and pianist. Early tuition from mother who was gifted pianist. On advice of violinist Ole Bull, went to study at Leipzig Conservatory. Settled in Copenhagen, being encouraged by Gade. In 1865-66 visited Rome where later won Stockholm Acad. of Music prize. Married his cousin, the soprano Nina Hagerup in 1867, she being an inspiration and interpreter of many of his songs. Settling in Christiania (Oslo), became teacher and conductor. In 1874 Grieg received life annuity from Norwegien Government and was asked by Ibsen to write music to Peer Gynt. This has its first performance in 1876 and made Grieg a national figure.

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Inghelbrecht, DesirŽ (Emile) (b. Paris, 1880; d. Paris, 1965). French conductor and composer. Conducted Swedish Ballet in Paris and London in 1919-1923. Assistant conductor OpŽra Comique 1924-1925, conductor 1932. Conducted Paris OpŽra 1945-1950. Founded French National Radio Orchestra in 1934. Composed opera, 4 ballets, choral, for orchestra, chamber music and songs.

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Hahn, Reynaldo (b. Caracas, 1874; d. Paris, 1947). French composer and conductor. Studied Paris Conservatory 1886, composed with Massenet. Musical critic Le Figaro 1934. Musical director Paris OpŽra 1945-46. His operas include 2 special successes, Giboulette (1923) and Le Marchand de Venise (1935). His musical comedy Mozart (1925) (with libretto by Sacha Guitry) was also popular. Though he wrote ballets, operettas, a cantata, piano concertos, violin concertos and incidental music, he is best remembered by his charming songs. They include Si mes vers avaient des ailes. Was intimate friend of Marcel Proust.

Handel, George Frederic (HŠndel, Georg Friedrich) (b. Halle, 1685; d. London, 1759). German-born composer and organist (naturalized English from 1726).

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Lambert, (Leonard) Constant (b. Fulham, London, 1905; d. London, 1951). English composer, conductor, and critic. Studied at the Royal College of Music 1915-1922 with R.O. Morris and, after 1919, with Vaugham Williams. Ballet Romeo and Juliet was commissioned by Diaghilev and produced by Monte Carlo 1926. Series of brilliant works established him with Walton among leading younger English composers. Influenced by jazz, especially Duke Ellington. His biggest success was with The Rio Grande, a setting of Sacheverell Sitwell (1927). Took leading part in establishment of British ballet. Brilliant writer, his book Music, Ho! (1934) being an important and idiosyncratic commentary on contemporary music at that date. Composed ballets, incidental, orchestral, choral, vocal and piano music.

Liadov, Anatoly (Konstantinovich) (b. St. Petersburg, 1855; d. Novgorod, 1914). Russian composer. Pupil of Rimsky-Korsakov at St. Petersburg Conservatory 1870-1878, where he later became professor of composition. Researched Russian folk music with Balakirev and Lyapunov.